Could someone enlighten me on the meaning of ヒゲタル? It appears to be crucial to understanding the joke in the last panel.

黒ヒゲ is black mustache/beard, and タル is barrel. Perhaps they mean a barrel with black bands. The line in question seems to be something like 'produced a barrel out of absolutely nowhere...'.

That's how I interpreted it myself at first, but the characters ヒゲタル seem to be getting quite a couple of hits on Google by themselves, without the qualifier 黒. Some examples:

ヒゲタルな自分が好きです
ヒゲタルでごめんなさい

These made me wonder if there isn't some other meaning to the phrase. Maybe I'm just overthinking this.

Well if it's about the barrel might be referring to the kurohige kiki ippatsu game.

That's gotta be it. Thanks.

That star... yaranaika?