On Danbooru, this refers to a color gradient, which is a smooth, gradual shift from one color to another across an image, based on the position of a pixel relative to a defined point or line.
An image may still be considered monochrome if it just applies a gradient across what would otherwise be a black & white image, even if the gradient has a multitude of colors, e.g. post #61761 or post #141581.
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