Corresponding page link: http://seiga.nicovideo.jp/seiga/im1079384

This is a parody on one of the attacks The World has. It's seen in the manga and in the video game. Don't know what it's called, though.
EDIT: After poking around a bit, I found a video with this image in it, if anyone's curious.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvtH9DKwzUY&feature=related
It's at about 0:08

I haven't watched 'Madoka' yet, but seeing as this girl is always paired with Dio/The World, I'm guessing she has some basic time control?

She has an epic time control ability, she can stop time long to fire like hundred of rocket launcher.

She stops time.