actually your second problem answers your first problem. yes, it is foreshortening. shading is not the indicator but the short right upper arm is. the right arms is bended forward rather than to the side. that's why you don't see the true length of the arm.

if you want prove of this, you can see the right sleeve(you can see the hole). if it's bended to side it will look like the left sleeve(no hole visible). another prove is that the paddle is in front of the head, indicating the arm isn't pointing out far away from the body.